Phonological Process Milestones

Phonological Processes expected in typical development:

• Reduplication (2-3 years)

• Final Consonant Deletion (up to 3 years)

• Prevocalic Voicing (up to 3 years)

• Fronting (up to 3.5 years)

• Epenthesis (up to 3.5 years)

• Assimilation (up to 3.5 years)

• Stopping (3-5 years)

• Stridency Deletion (3.5 - 4 years)

• Devoicing (up to 4 years)

• Gliding (up to 4 years)

• Cluster Reduction (up to 4 years)

• Weak Syllable Deletion (up to 4 years)

• Vowelization (up to 5-7 years)

Phonological Processes not part of typical development, indicative of a phonological disorder:

• Backing

• Initial Consonant Deletion

• Glottal Replacement

• Metathesis

• Strong Sound Preference